• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT510358A1
    申请号:T0150610
    申请日:2010-09-10
    公开日:2012-03-15
    发明作者:Harald Dipl Ing Ddr Neudorfer
    申请人:Traktionssysteme Austria Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    The invention relates to a permanent magnet excited electric machine with a stator, with a stator winding, a rotor with a laminated rotor core and permanent magnets arranged therein and a huftspa1t formed between the stator and the rotor.
    The subject invention is applicable to both electric machines in engine operation, as well as electric machines in the generator mode.
    Particularly suitable is an application of the permanent magnet electric machine as a traction machine for rail vehicles, buses and other road vehicles, especially for use in hybrid drives.
    Permanent magnet excited electrical machines have a higher power density compared to asynchronous machines. To avoid contamination of permanent magnet-excited electrical machines, by attracting ferromagnetic particles, usually permanent magnet-excited electrical machines are used only in encapsulated design. The closed design of permanent magnet electrical machines usually liquid cooling is required, which increases the cost and the cost of such a machine.
    The subject invention is applicable to both externally ventilated and self-ventilated machines. In self-venti-lated electrical machines, at least one fan rotatably connected to the rotor or the shaft.
    The object of the present machine is to provide a permanent magnet excited electric machine, which can be used without a housing and preferably can only be cooled with air. For example, should be possible to use the permanent magnet excited electric machine in a motor vehicle under relatively dirty conditions and still be guaranteed as long as possible.
    The object of the invention is achieved by an above-mentioned ΛΛ ·· · 4 · · · · 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 The permanent magnet - excited electrical machine, in which the air gap between the stator and the rotor is sealed on at least one side to the outside. This measure prevents ferromagnetic dust from penetrating into the air gap between the stator and the rotor, thereby resulting in losses due to higher stray fields: and thus, a power loss of the machine. By effectively sealing the air gap between the stator and the rotor to the outside, the permanent-magnetized electric machine can also be used in an open design, which was previously not possible. By the use of permanentmagneterrogler electrical machines, which - as already mentioned - have a higher power density than comparable asynchronous machines, thus an increase in performance can be achieved. The open design of the machine ensures optimum ventilation without the need for complex and expensive measures for adequate cooling of the machine.
    To seal the air gap between the stator and the rotor, a labyrinth seal is advantageously provided on at least one lateral end of the rotor lamination stack. By appropriate design of the labyrinth seal the penetration of ferromagnetic dust can be effectively prevented without it comes through the seal to friction losses of the machine.
    According to one embodiment of the invention, the labyrinth seal is formed by a rotor pressing ring connected to the rotor laminated core, with at least one circumferential groove arranged therein and a sealing body connected to the stator, with at least one circumferential flanges formed corresponding to the at least one groove. By an appropriate choice of the number of grooves and corresponding flanges corresponding extension of the path of ferromagnetic particles and thus an improvement of the sealing effect is achieved. Of course, the grooves on the seal body and the flanges could be formed on the rotor press ring. In the case of a labyrinth seal arranged vertically with respect to the orientation of the air gap, the at least one groove and the at least one groove may be connected to each other Flanges also be formed of solid material.
    In the case of a horizontal alignment of the labyrinth seal with respect to the gap gap, it is advantageous if the sealing body is formed of elastic material, preferably silicone. As a result, the rotor can be arranged in the stator without the components of the labyrinth seal having to be disassembled and reassembled. Due to the sealing body formed from elastic material, the flanges of elastic material can be correspondingly deformed during assembly of the electrical machine and finally placed in its desired position in the corresponding groove.
    In addition, it may be advantageous if air guide elements are arranged in front of the air gap between the stator and the rotor. As a result, the air can be kept away from the air gap and, for example, directed into provided Kühlkanäie in the rotor and the probability of the penetration of ferromagnetic dust are prevented in the air gap. The air guide elements may be formed of metal or plastic.
    In order to ensure optimum cooling of the electric machine, channels for guiding a cooling air are provided in the rotor, which are in communication with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein permanent magnets for attracting ferromagnetic particles from the incoming cooling air are arranged in the region of the air inlet. By the permanent magnets in the region of the air inlet of the cooling channels thus a magnetic filter is formed, which prevents ferromagnetic dust penetrates into the cooling channel and attaches there and in consequence by the occurring electromagnetic losses, but also the reduction of the cooling effect, a power loss of the machine cause.
    In addition to the permanent magnets in the region of the air inlet, a filter may be arranged in front of the air inlet. Such a filter may be formed by a fabric or other means such as a cyclone filter, and suitably combined with the above-mentioned permanent magnets 1
    - 4 - be prevented, so that the penetration of impurities in the cooling channels of the electrical machine is prevented or reduced.
    Also, in order to prevent the electromagnetic machine from being able to enter the chi nichals at the standstill of the electromagnetic machine, it is preferable to arrange permanent magnets for attracting ferromagnetic particles even when the air-jet nozzle is used.
    In addition to such a magnetic filter in the area of hoof tauslasses ker.r. Also, a mechanical filter may be arranged in the region of Luftausiasses.
    In order to further prevent the penetration of magnetic particles into the air gap between the stator and the rotor of the electric machine, so-called sacrificial magnets can be arranged in the region of the air gap. Such permanent magnets are placed in the region of the air gap and attract ferromagnetic particles and thus prevent them from accumulating in the critical areas of the electrical machine and there can lead to significant electromagnetic losses or mechanical problems due to friction.
    Advantageously, such sacrificial magnets are arranged on the rotor press ring, preferably at regular angular distances from one another. The sacrificial magnets are advantageously glued in designated recesses in the rotor press ring.
    Additionally or alternatively, so-called sacrificial magnets can also be arranged in the region of the cooling channels. When servicing the electrical machine, any impurities present can be removed from these sacrificial magnets, which can preferably be done by the arrangement of adhesive tapes.
    The subject invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of a permanent magnet electric machine.
    They show: Λ * * ♦ »· 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 44 4444 4 4 4 4» 4 4 (& 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 4 4 4 4 4
    Fig. 1 ei ne side view of a permanent magnet excited elek-l. r i s c e m s c h i n e; a Schni ztbilds by the electrical: rri Bere.i ch the air gap zw.i shear. Star.cr
    Fig. 2 is a detail Masoh.i ne of Figure I and rotor.
    Fig. 3 ej ne perspective view of a part of the rotor of the electric machine of FIG. 1;
    4 shows a sectional view through the electrical machine according to FIG. 1;
    Fic. 5a and 5b show two different embodiments of a magnetic filter;
    6a and 6b detailed views of two embodiments of a labyrinth seal for sealing the air gap between the stator and the rotor;
    7 shows a sectional view of a further embodiment of a permanent-magnet-excited electric machine using air guide elements in the region of the air gap; and
    Fig. 8 is a sectional view and a plan view of a combined with permanent magnets cyclone filter for use in the region of the air inlet of the subject permanent magnet-excited electric machine.
    1 shows a permanent-magnet-excited electric machine 1 with a stator S, with a stator winding 5 (see FIG. 2), a rotor R with a rotor laminated core 7 (see FIG. 2) and permanent magnets arranged therein. The rotor R is rotatably connected to a shaft 10. As can be seen in the sectional detail drawing according to FIG. 2, an air gap 6 is formed between the rotor R and the stator S. Usually, such permanent magnet-excited electrical machines 1 are used only in a closed or encapsulated design, in order to prevent ferromagnetic particles from attaching themselves to the permanent magnet of the machine. The subject invention protects a housing-less, air-cooled, permanent magnet-excited electric machine 1. To prevent 6 ferromagnetic particles ei ndri in the range of Luf t.soalts and entruiene electromagnetic Stroureidor, erfindungsgeinäß is provided that the l, uftspa.lt 6 between the stator S and the. Motor R, at least on one side is sealed to the outside. This seal can be gebilcet by a labyrinth seal 13, which is shown in Fig. 6.
    In addition, the permanent magnet-excited electric machine 1 has channels 8 for guiding a cooling air K in the rotor laminated core 7, which channels 8 are in communication with an air inlet 2 and at least one air outlet 3. In order to prevent ferromagnetic particles from being sucked into the cooling channels 8 via the air inlet 2, a magnetic filter, which may be formed by corresponding permanent magnets 12 in the region of the air inlet 2, is arranged at least in the region of the air inlet 2. In addition to the magnetic filter or the permanent magnets 12, a mechanical filter 4 may also be arranged in the region of the air inlet 2. This filter 4 may be formed, for example, by a suitable tissue or a cyclone filter (see FIG. 8).
    FIGS. 5a and 5b show two embodiments of a combined magnetic and mechanical filter 4 in the region of the air inlet 2. The filter 4 consists of a frame 11, in which a certain number of permanent magnets 12 are arranged with a suitable polarity. The resulting magnetic field, which is represented by the dashed lines drawn field lines, attracts the ferromagnetic particles and prevents them get into the channels 8 of the electric machine 1 together with the cooling air K. Such permanent magnets 12 and filter 4 can also be arranged in the region of the air outlets 3 (not shown) in order to prevent, for example, when the electric machine 1 comes to a standstill, cooling air K contaminated via the air outlets 3 entering the cooling channels 8.
    Fig. 6a and 6b show two embodiments of a labyrinth seal 13 for sealing the air gap 6 between the stator S ur.d rotor R of the electrical. Machine 1. Fig. 6a shows a radial arrangement of the labyrinth seal 13, i. a horizontal arrangement in the Weser.tli, the labyrinlhdichtuny is formed by a rotor press ring 9 connected to the rotor core 7 with at least one circumferential groove 15 arranged therein. With the. Stator S is a seal body 1.4 rotatably connected, which has at least one corresponding to the at least one groove 15 ausgec formed circumferential flanges 16. In order to avoid in this arrangement the labyrinth nthdichtur.g 13, that the components during assembly of the electric machine 1 must be dismantled and mounted, the sealing body 14 is preferably made of elastic material, preferably silicone. As a result, when the rotor R and the stator S of the electric machine 1 are pushed into one another, the elastic material of the sealing body 14 can escape and, finally, the flanges 16 protrude into the grooves 15 in the desired position and form the labyrinth seal 13 in this way.
    Of course, a labyrinth seal 13 may also be vertically arranged with respect to the extent of the air gap 6. Such an embodiment of an axial labyrinth seal 13 shows the embodiment according to FIG. 6b. Corresponding grooves 15 are arranged on the rotor laminated core 9, in which correspondingly formed flanges 16 are arranged on a component which is connected to the stator. In this embodiment, the components of the labyrinth seal 13 need not be made of elastic materials to facilitate the assembly of the machine 1.
    As shown in FIG. 3, in the area of the air gap 6, so-called sacrificial magnets 18 can additionally be arranged, which attract ferromagnetic particles and prevent them from entering the air gap 6. The sacrificial magnets 18 are preferably arranged at constant angular distances from one another on the rotor press ring 9. In addition, in the cooling channels 8 of the rotor laminated core 7, further sacrificial magnets 19 may be used. «Has been placed. In the case of maintenance of the electric machine, any impurities or ferromagnetic particles may be applied to a vacuum cleaner; 18, 19 are removed in a simple manner by means of adhesive tapes, here the sacrificial magnets 19 arranged in the cooling ducts 8 are also in Figure 1 d of the permanent-excited electrical ida - "1; i ne i u u u. < .i E ... g. you too s .. c_ 1L. In addition, in Fig. 4 there is shown a passage through which the cooling air K is transferred through the cooling channels 8 '. In addition to such self-propelled mechanical valves, it is also possible to use purely ventilated electrical machines without a fan 20.
    Fig. 7 shows another Austührungsforrn a permanent magnet excited electrical. Machine 1, in which in the region of the air gap 6 between the stator S and rotor R Luftl.eitelemente 17 are arranged. Such Lu 11 le: teiemente 17 prevent particles reach the area of the air gap 6 and there to losses and thus lead to a Lei stungsabCall the machine 1. Otherwise, FIG. 7 is similar to the sectional view of FIG. 4.
    8 shows an embodiment of a filter 4 in the region of the air inlet 2 of the permanently magnetically excited electric machine 1 in the form of a cyclone filter with permanent magnets 12 arranged therein. In such a cyclone filter or centrifugal separator, particles are excreted from the air flow by centrifugal force. When filter 4 according to the invention permanent magnets 12 are arranged at regular angular intervals, which support a deposition of ferromagnetic particles from the cooling air K.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    • * • »» «« 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent Patent. The company started a new machine (1) with 0 inem t <l!. (r) (S) with a stirrer (5), a rotor (R) with a m! &lt; Ο Λ O Th 3 ech pa ko L (') u η dda rin angeord ne t.er P rma ns L m a qne-Le '· · tu: id oi nc.rr: zw: s just dome 51 dtcv; 3) λn d the rotor: R) au sqeeile de huf L s pa .1 t (6), d aduren geke r.nzea chriet, because of the lllspal t. (6) between the stator (S) and the rotor (R) at the same time. e i. four riders on the outside disappeared. is. 2 Elek L x i see M a s c h.i ne (1) na ch claim 1, d by ge core- draws that at least one lateral end of the rotor-plate package (7) a labyrinth seal (13) is provided.
    [2]
    3. Electrical machine (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the Labyri nthd.i rectification (13) by a in.it the Rotorblochpaket (7) connected rotor press ring (9) with at least one circumferential groove (15) and a sealing body (14) connected to the stator (5) is formed with at least one circumferential flanges (16) corresponding to the at least one groove (15).
    [3]
    4. Electrical machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing body (14) made of elastic material, preferably silicone, is formed.
    [4]
    5. Electrical machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that air guide elements (17) in front of the air gap (6) are arranged.
    [5]
    6. Electrical machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the rotor (7) channels (8) for guiding a cooling air (K) are provided, which with an air inlet (2) and an air outlet (3 ), and in that in the region of the air inlet (2) permanent magnets (12) for attracting ferromagnetic particles from the incoming cooling air (K) are arranged.
    [6]
    7. Electrical machine (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that before the hoof inlet (2) or: Filier (4) is arranged.
    [7]
    8. Electrical machine (1, according to claim 6 or Ί, characterized in that in the fierei ch of iiufrau.s 1 asscs (3) permanent magnets to arm iilieti te; rexagneL are only about rz i ko] disordered
    [8]
    9. Electrical machine (1) according to one of claims 6 to S, characterized in that before the Luflaus lass (3) a filter anqeordnet ή st.
    [9]
    10. Electrical machine (Id according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that sacrificial magnets (18) are arranged in the region of the air gap (6). 1 j., Electrical machine (.1) according to Claim in that the sacrificial magnets (IS) are arranged on the rotor press ring (9), preferably at regular angular distances from one another,
    [10]
    12. Electrical machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the region of the channels (8) for guiding the cooling air in the rotor laminated core (7) sacrificial magnets (19) are arranged.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102015219075A1|2015-10-02|2017-04-06|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Electric machine, in particular permanently excited electrical machine, with an adhesive surface for adhering foreign particles|DE3339094A1|1983-10-28|1985-05-09|Franz Kessler KG, 7952 Bad Buchau|ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINE|
    JPH0468249B2|1988-04-13|1992-10-30|Kansai Shokubai Kagaku Kk|
    DE3824234C2|1988-07-16|1990-07-12|Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De|
    US5134331A|1990-05-31|1992-07-28|Nippon Densan Corporation|Spindle motor|
    JPH0752358A|1993-08-16|1995-02-28|Olympus Optical Co Ltd|Holding equipment of board of screen printer|
    JPH0833266A|1994-07-15|1996-02-02|Toshiba Corp|Dynamic pressure bearing motor and scanner motor for driving polygon mirror|
    JP3671459B2|1995-06-02|2005-07-13|オイレス工業株式会社|Synthetic plastic thrust bearing|
    AU760432B2|1998-07-06|2003-05-15|Skf Australia Pty Ltd|Axle box sealing system|
    DE19848503A1|1998-10-21|2000-04-27|Werner Anwander|Electrical machine has coils mounted individually in stator and are curved so that they extend on both sides of rotor and substantially enclose magnets mounted in rotor|
    JP4923374B2|2001-09-26|2012-04-25|日産自動車株式会社|Stator structure of rotating electrical machine|
    JP2004075353A|2002-08-21|2004-03-11|Mitsubishi Electric Corp|Winding machine for elevator|
    JP2005192355A|2003-12-26|2005-07-14|Fujitsu General Ltd|Motor|
    JP4686228B2|2005-03-23|2011-05-25|株式会社東芝|Fully enclosed fan motor|
    DE102008011589B3|2008-02-28|2009-04-09|Metabowerke Gmbh|Electric hand tool with magnets to absorb dust|
    CN201256334Y|2008-08-06|2009-06-10|合肥皖化电机技术开发有限责任公司|Furnace water pump motor having built-in magnetic filter|
    EP2256907A1|2009-05-18|2010-12-01|Bombardier Transportation GmbH|An electric machine|DE102018002953A1|2018-04-11|2019-10-17|Optimize Gmbh|System for cooling and protection against water and dirt of an external rotor motor|
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    法律状态:
    2018-05-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20170910 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1506/2010A|AT510358B1|2010-09-10|2010-09-10|PERMANENT MAGNETIC RUDDER ELECTRIC MACHINE|ATA1506/2010A| AT510358B1|2010-09-10|2010-09-10|PERMANENT MAGNETIC RUDDER ELECTRIC MACHINE|
    EP11179697.5A| EP2429065B1|2010-09-10|2011-09-01|Electric machine with permanent magnet excitation|
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